Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter

Thursday, February 25, 2010



Enhanced 3D Model of Mars Crater Edge Shows Ups and Downs
02.17.10 -- A dramatic 3D Mars view based on terrain modeling from NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter data shows "highs and lows" of Mojave Crater. 



Views of Station After STS-130 Undocking

Views of Station After STS-130 Undocking



Moon and Mars

Moon and Mars

Monday, February 15, 2010


Where did the word HAM come from?


From Florida Skip Magazine - 1959

Have you ever wondered why radio amateurs are called "HAMS"?

Well, it goes like this: The word "HAM" as applied to 1908
was the station CALL of the first amateur wireless stations
operated by some amateurs of the Harvard Radio Club.
They were ALBERT S. HYMAN, BOB ALMY and POOGIE MURRAY.
At first they called their station "HYMAN-ALMY-MURRAY".
Tapping out such a long name in code soon became tiresome
and called for a revision. They changed it to "HY-AL-MU",
using the first two letters of each of their names.
Early in 1901 some confusion resulted between signals
from amateur wireless station "HYALMU" and a
Mexican ship named "HYALMO".
They then decided to use only the first letter of each name,
and the station CALL became "HAM".

Sunday, February 14, 2010


Above, Dr. Hans Eric Hollmann is consulting for the GEMA Company where he helped 
design the first modern radar sets. He had over 300 patents to his name. 76 of these 
patents were filed in the US by the Telefunken Company for which he consulted. 
Telefunken built the Wuerzburg radar sets which used  most of H. E. Hollmann's inventions.  
Working in his company "Laboratory for High Frequency and Electromedecine," which 
employed 20 scientists, Hollmann developed the high frequency technology which led to 
the development of radar. 

Two men, von Willisen and Paul Erbsloeh had founded the GEMA Company.
In Erbsloeh's memoirs about von Willisen he writes, "With much work we were able to
make the magnetron oscillate at 50 cm. The modulation at other frequencies with sound
reception was made possible with the push-pull Barkhausen tubes from Hollmann."
"Hollmann was our consultant and based on his experience measuring the heaviside layer
he used pulsed modulation and used a CRT for all displays. At first the Marines were not
enthusiastic about using the CRT aboard ships, but it was demonstrated that this was only
right thing to do." 


Hollmann invented a large number of early magnetrons which can be seen by clicking on 
magnetrons. Most of the radar sets built throughout the world, during the 1930's and early 
1940's, used H.E. Hollmanns ideas which are documented in his patents.


The first modern Cathode Ray Tubes, CRTs, were invented and built by Manfred von Ardenne 
who was a close friend of Hollmann and who also had a research lab located in Lichterfelden, 
Berlin, across from Hollmann's lab. Click here to see his work on the CRT


In 1929, Watson Watt visited the Lichterfelde labs of Hollmann and von Ardenne and
purchased several hundred CRTs over the years.


In 1935, H. E. Hollmann wrote the first comprehensive books on microwaves.
The books are titled "Physics and Technique of Ultrashort Waves."
The books were used in all countries of the world and it fueled the development of radar in
all of the major countries in the world. His book showed examples of applications of
microwaves. These books are still available in most libraries around the world. Copies can
still be purchased, click here.

What others say In a book by R. Buderi "The Invention that Changed the World" it is stated 
that in 1935 the British read Hollmann's book in which his "assertion that cat's whisker crystals 
constituted the best high frequency detectors. Thus the British radar effort started fortuitously 
down the semiconductor path."S.S. Swords in his book "Technical history of the beginnings of 
RADAR" writes about the US radar effort, "It is pertinent to point out that microwave propagation 
tests continued into 1935 with the use of the German built Hollmann valves (retarding field tubes)."
In another book by L. Brown "A Radar History of World War II" it is stated that Hollmann's book 
"Physics and Technique of Ultrashort Waves" became the ultimate authority for microwaves until 
the end of the decade." He also writes about Hollmann as being "Germany's - and until recently 
Europe's - leading microwave specialist."

In addition to writing his famous two volume books on "Physics and Technique of Ultrashort 
Waves," he also wrote over 100 articles in the field of VHF. A list of these is shown in 
Publications.


After WWII he and his family came to the USA under "operation paper clip."  
The secret service documented his life's work which can be reviewed under 
Resume.

Mengurus Permohonan Baru AA Kelas B



Di sini sedikit tips/senarai semak untuk menguruskan AA anda.
1. Isi borang AA dengan lengkap [download]
2. Dapatkan tandatangan 2 orang pemegang AA Kelas A [download]
3. Menandatangi Surat Akuan Sumpah di hadapan pesuruhjaya sumpah [download]
4. Lengkapkan borang pilihan callsign [download]
5. Menyertakan salinan kad pengenalan
6. Bawa Surat keputusan LULUS RAE dan salinan
7. Wang Pos atau Bank Draf sebagai bayaran AA
8. Pastikan anda berurusan di Pejabat SKMM pada waktu pejabat...sebaiknya sebelah pagi (jangan datang disaat-saat waktu kerja dah nak habis... nanti anda kecewa!!!)
Bayaran yuran tahunan AA + yuran proses. Contoh untuk AA 5 Tahun :
RM 24.00 X 5 Tahun = RM 120.00 + RM 60.00 = RM 180.00
Terkini, saya difahamkan bahawa segala pembayaran AA dibuat melalui kaedah Wang Pos atau Bank Draf atas nama SURUHANJAYA KOMUNIKASI DAN MULTIMEDIA MALAYSIA.

Copy Posted by HUSSAIRY @ ARIE 

Radio Amatur (Ham Radio) adalah satu hobi dimana seseorang itu dapat berhubung dengan rakan yang lain secara individu atau berkumpulan diseluruh dunia dengan menggunakan gelombang radio.
Contohnya anda berada di Johor,anda boleh berhubungdengan rakan-rakan radio amatur lain yang berada di Perlis,Perak,Kelantan dan tak kira dimana diseluruh Malaysia amnya menggunakan frekuansi 144Mhz-148Mhz secara percuma.
Perhubungan ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan suara atau isyarat-isyarat lain seperti Kod Morse(CW) atau kaedah digital lain.
Seseorang yang hendak menjadi pengendali radio amatur hendaklah lulus peperiksaan Radio Amateur Examination(RAE).Setelah lulus barulah boleh membuat permohonan bagi mendapatkan lesen radio amatur.
Di Malaysia,pihak yang memegang kuasa mengeluarkan lesen radio amatur ialah Suruhanjaya Komunikasi dan Multimedia Malaysia(SKMM).
Bayaran lesen kelas A ialah RM36.00 setahun manakala lesen kelas B buat masa ini ialah RM24.00 setahun.Setiap pengendali radio amatur mempunyai kod panggilan atau callsign tersendiri.
Di Semenanjung Malaysia,callsignnya ialah 9M2 dan 9W2,di Serawak 9M8 dan 9W8 manakala di Sabah ialah 9M6 dan 9W6.Sebelum menjadi pengendali radio amatur yang berlesen,seseorang itu dipanggil SWAL(ShortWave Listenen).
Setelah lulus RAE barulah seseorang itu boleh memancar dan berQSO di udara.
Maklumat lanjut mengenai peperiksaan RAE bolehlah diperolehi dengan mengunjungi laman web SKMM dari masa ke semasa.
http://www.skmm.gov.my

Sila Semak Keputusan Anda di di sini.
Pada yg LULUS, tahniah!!..
Pada yg Gagal cuba lagi!!

Stephanie is youngest radio amateur in the UK

Saturday, February 13, 2010


STEPHANIE Gregory is all EARS – and she couldn’t be happier she’s making waves.

The bubbly seven-year-old is the youngest licensed radio amateur in the United Kingdom. And it’s all down to the help and support she’s been given as a member of the Elderslie Amateur Radio Society (EARS). Stephanie has just passed her amateur radio exams which means she no longer has to operate from the r dio club under supervision. She told the Paisley Daily Express: “I have been coming come to the meetings with my dad for a while now and I used to watch what he was doing. “It looked like good fun so I asked if I could have a go. I thought it was brilliant.
“I’ve now been doing it since August and I thought it would be good if I could become a member of the same club.” However that meant sitting the full-blown radio amateur exam, although thanks to the hard work of club chairman Eddie Higgins, the club is now a qualified test centre.
Stephanie, a pupil at Wallace Primary School, said: “I asked if I could sit my exam and was told that would be okay. “I eventually passed the exam and I was delighted. “I don’t have my own radio yet but I can still talk to people while I’m at the club. “And my dad’s got a radio in the car so I get to use that as well. It’s brilliant fun.” Stephanie’s dad Miah, who is treasurer of EARS, has been broadcasting over the airwaves for a couple of years now. And the 29-year-old software engineer wasn’t at all surprised by his daughter’s enthusiasm. He said: “Stephanie has always shown an interest in things like radios, so I was half waiting for her to ask the question.
“She has her head screwed on the right way and likes to learn new tricks by playing around with things.” EARS founder, Eddie Higgins, said: “Stephanie studied really hard for her foundation radio amateur exam both at the Elderslie club and at home with her dad and, to be honest, it wasn’t a massive shock when she passed. “She might only be seven but she worked incredibly hard to prepare for the exam – and it paid off. “Initially, she was a little 'microphone shy' although she was soon ‘on air’ and rambling on about her experiences at school and how much fun she was having. “On behalf of everyone at the club, I would just like to say a big congratulations to Stephanie.” But not only has the bright spark become the country’s youngest radio amateur, she was recently presented with the Bill Robertson trophy for outstanding achievements at the club’s AGM. EARS transmit from the Elderslie Village Hall on Thursday evenings. For more info, contact Eddie Higgins on 0141 889 5597. The club also specialise in providing training for people with special needs.

Sunday, February 7, 2010





MARINE LIFE


The Marine Life Section
This section is made up of the Hexagonal Tank, Tunnel Tank and numerous smaller tanks housing various species of fish, invertebrates and crustaceans. Among the fish in the 70,000 litre Hexagonal Tank are the Pakistani butterflyfish and Madras Snapper.
Venture into the deep sea along a 15-meter long tunnel, where you will experience being surrounded by Sharks, Giant Rays, Green Turtle and Giant Grouper.  
Other tanks house the Sea Dragons, Lion fish, Giant Clam, Pufferfish, Sea Anemones, Hermit Crabs and more.


Underwater World Langkawi

Underwater World Langkawi is one of the largest marine and fresh water aquaria in South East Asia. Since the start of its operation on 26 August 1995, it has become one of the must visit tourist destinations in Langkawi and has attracted a large number of foreign as well as local tourists.
The concept and theme of Underwater World Langkawi are geared towards Knowledge, Education and Entertainment. It is built to raise awareness on the importance of conserving our precious aquatic life forms, thus creating understanding of the deep and inseparable bond between man and nature.
Unique to Underwater World Langkawi is the gigantic 15-meter long walk-through tunnel consisting of 500,000 liter seawater which houses many big fishes and sea creatures including the Giant Green Turtle.

Other attractions include the Freshwater Fish Section, the Seashell Display, the Koi Pond, the Mini Reptilian and Invertebrate Section, the Coral Reef Section and the Poisonous and Venomous Creatures Section.
The 34,701 square foot oceanarium is located adjacent to a shopping centre and the Neptune Café. Visitors are thus provided with a one-stop shopping, eating and entertainment package, all of which are available within one area.
A new building (with 60,000 sq. ft built-up area) which displays Tropical Rainforest, Temperate and Sub-Antarctic Ecosystems, and a three-dimensional (3D) theatre with a 200-seating capacity will be opened to the public in early 2005. The Sub-Antarctic Ecosystem Display includes a spectacular “penguinarium” with an underwater tunnel for visitors to view swimming penguins.

Thursday, February 4, 2010


A full excitement journey to interesting places..